Photo By: Met Museum Before going into the details of the subject, it is very important to focus on the concept of "civilization" to better understand the subject. The word civilization is derived from the Arabic root "m-d-n", which means "settling and residing somewhere" and means "urbanism, sedentary life, living well and prosperous". This concept, which started to be used in the last periods of the Ottoman Empire, corresponds to the term "civilization" in Western thought. To express the concept of civilization in Turkish, the word “civili...